Idaho · Treasure Valley

Treasure Valley Feasibility Studies

Cushman & Wakefield's fourth-quarter 2025 multifamily report gave its Boise market the largest year-over-year fall in apartment vacancy among the U.S. markets it tracks, 350 basis points, with 990 units delivered in 2025 and 1,388 under construction on its preliminary count 1. The Treasure Valley here is Ada and Canyon counties; Boise, Gem and Owyhee, the other three counties in the Census Bureau's Boise City metro, stay outside the county figures here 2, and the research gives no county list for the broker's Boise market. Ada County permitted 5,221 housing units in 2025 and Canyon County 3,929 34, and neither county has a dated count of apartments under construction on its own, which is why a Treasure Valley feasibility study for a new apartment project pairs those permits with the broker's pipeline.

1,388
Apartment units under construction in Cushman & Wakefield's Boise market, fourth quarter of 2025, preliminary 1
35,313
Apartment units in the same market's inventory at that date, preliminary 1
5,221
Housing units permitted in Ada County in 2025, Census Bureau 3
3,929
Housing units permitted in Canyon County in 2025, Census Bureau 4
Apartments

Boise apartments at the end of 2025: the steepest vacancy fall in the broker's national survey, and the units still to come.

Cushman & Wakefield counted 35,313 apartment units in its Boise market at the end of 2025, after 990 units delivered during the year, with 1,388 more under construction; it marks all three counts preliminary 1. Over the same twelve months the market's vacancy rate fell by 350 basis points, the largest drop among the U.S. markets in the broker's national report 1. The report's Boise market is the broker's own definition, and the research does not say which counties it takes in, so these are not Ada and Canyon totals. The research holds the change in the vacancy rate but no dated level for it.

Inside the city of Boise the building department's February 2026 report had single-family permits for calendar 2026 to date up 23% on the year, and multifamily units permitted in fiscal 2026 to date down 66% 12. Both are early-year readings for one city, not the valley. A realtor page's survey vacancy rate for southwest Idaho and a brokerage blog's count of units under construction in Ada and Canyon also appear in the research, but neither carries a date tied to its document, so neither is printed here; the blog's construction count and the broker's do not agree. For a new apartment project in either county, the broker's deliveries and pipeline are therefore the supply side the research offers, and no dated count of units under construction was found county by county.

No asking rent was found for either county. The register's median gross rents, a measure of what renter households pay rather than what new units ask, are in the household table further down, and the rest of the evidence on rental housing, as a class, is on our multifamily page.

People and Permits

Ada and Canyon in two population series: the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates and COMPASS's April 2025 count.

By the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 estimates, Ada County held 546,141 residents on July 1, 2025 and 494,966 at the April 2020 base; its permits for 2025 covered 5,221 housing units 3. Canyon County permitted 3,929 housing units in 2025 4.

COMPASS, whose estimates BoiseDev reported on April 24, 2025, counted 847,840 people in Ada and Canyon counties together in April 2025, 121,768 more than at the 2020 Census. Its city figures were 253,550 for Boise and 147,340 for Meridian 13; the research carries no matching count for Nampa, Caldwell or Kuna. The COMPASS count and the Census Bureau's come from different methods and different dates, so they sit side by side here and are not combined.

The state's own Vintage 2025 total and the other Idaho counties are on the Idaho page.

Workers

Canyon County's commuters and the two counties' payroll substitutes.

Canyon County's Labor Department profile of August 2026 counts 65,317 residents who commuted out of the county for work in 2023 and 38,578 workers who commuted in 5. The research does not say where the out-commuters work, and no matching count was found for Ada County.

Neither county has a twelve-month nonfarm payroll change in the research, so the two profiles' other series stand in for it. Ada County's household employment was 289,056 in July 2025 and 288,247 in July 2026, and its average covered employment 287,206 in 2024 and 294,260 in 2025 14. Canyon County's household employment was 132,574 and 132,150 in the same two months, and its covered employment 88,422 and 89,966 in the same two years 5. The department puts the household change at 0.3% down in each county 145. For Ada County the Bureau of Labor Statistics' release for the first quarter of 2025 also had covered employment up 1.6% from March 2024 to March 2025 15.

The household series (LAUS) counts employed residents of the county; the covered series (QCEW) counts jobs at employers in it, so for a site drawing workers or customers from both counties the two answer different questions.

Employers

Hospitals, a university, a chip maker and school districts in the two counties' employer bands.

Ada County's August 2026 profile lists Saint Luke's Regional Medical Center at 10,000 or more employees; Boise State University, Micron Technology and Meridian Joint School District at 5,000 to 7,499 each; Saint Alphonsus Health System, Boise Independent School District and Albertsons at 2,500 to 4,999 each; and the Veterans Administration, the county's federal anchor, at 1,000 to 2,499 14. No military installation anchors Ada County in the research; Mountain Home Air Force Base is in Elmore County, outside the valley as this page draws it.

Canyon County's August 2026 profile puts Walmart, Nampa School District, Vallivue School District, Saint Alphonsus and the College of Western Idaho at 1,000 to 2,499 employees each, with J.R. Simplot, Caldwell School District and Amalgamated Sugar at 500 to 999 each 5. Saint Alphonsus is the one employer on both counties' lists, and the Veterans Administration the one federal employer on either. Beyond Micron and the Kuna data centers, the large projects the research names in Canyon County are a Nampa wastewater program and a big warehouse planned in northern Nampa, and it could tie neither to a dated document.

Micron is building memory fabs in Boise. Construction Owners reported on June 1, 2026 that the first fab was nearing equipment installation, with first wafers targeted for mid-2027 10; the dates are one company's schedule, not a market series. The company's own announcement of October 2023, in a reprint, set its original Boise commitment at about $15 billion through the end of the decade, with 600,000 square feet of cleanroom and a projection of 2,000 direct and 17,000 total jobs 16; those are one project's figures and a company forecast, so none of them is counted here.

Kuna, in Ada County, has the two large data centers in the valley's record. Construction Equipment Guide, citing the Idaho Statesman, reported on January 7, 2026 that Meta's center there had reached peak construction at a stated $800 million and about 1 million square feet, and that the Kuna City Council had approved a second large data center, Gemstone, on April 1, 2025, at a value the research did not find 17. The Spokesman-Review reported on September 21, 2026 that Meta's center had been switched on, describing it as a $1.2 billion building of 750,000 square feet 18. The two accounts disagree, and neither rests on a filing. The class itself is covered on our data center page.

Industrial, Retail and Office

Cushman & Wakefield's Boise readings for the second quarter of 2026.

In its Boise MarketBeats of July 24, 2026, Cushman & Wakefield put industrial vacancy at 9.6% for the second quarter, 80 basis points above the quarter before and 180 above a year before; retail vacancy at 4.4%, its highest in more than two years; and office vacancy at 11.2% 6. These are the broker's Boise market readings. The research found no industrial or retail vacancy for Canyon County on its own, so a Nampa or Caldwell warehouse or store is read against the broker's Boise market, whose counties the research does not list; the classes have their own pages, industrial and warehouse and retail.

Lodging is the gap. No hotel occupancy, room rate, revenue per room or pipeline was found for either county, and the GSA's fiscal 2025 lodging allowance for Ada County, $167 to $191, is a federal travel rate rather than a hotel result 11. No count of self-storage, senior housing, RV parks or convenience stores was found for the valley.

Roads and Sites

No named corridor or state traffic count for either county; the record names sites instead.

The research found no retail, hospitality or storage corridor for Ada or Canyon County and no Idaho Transportation Department traffic count for either. The places it does name are sites: Micron's fabs in Boise, the two data centers at Kuna, and the school districts and colleges on the employer lists above. A site's road access, frontage and counts therefore come from the transportation department and the city, not from this page.

Households

Income, rent, home value and older residents in Ada and Canyon, county by county, from the register.

The register holds these readings for each county; it has no figure for the valley as one market. The American Community Survey rows are five-year samples ending in 2024 and the BEA rows are for 2024, so all of them predate the broker's 2025 and 2026 readings above.

Register reading, countyValuePeriodSource no.
Median household income, inflation-adjusted dollars (B19013), Ada County$91,502ACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Median household income, inflation-adjusted dollars (B19013), Canyon County$76,488ACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Median gross rent, dollars (B25064), Ada County$1,577ACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Median gross rent, dollars (B25064), Canyon County$1,347ACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Median value, owner-occupied units, dollars (B25077), Ada County$512,300ACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Renter-occupied housing units (B25003), Ada County59,144 housing unitsACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Renter-occupied housing units (B25003), Canyon County21,053 housing unitsACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Population 65 and over (B01001), Canyon County36,467 peopleACS sample, 2020 to 202419
Per capita personal income, Ada County$76,921202420
Per capita personal income, Canyon County$50,169202420
Water and Local Fees

A groundwater moratorium in south Canyon County and the fees Nampa charges new building.

On March 20, 2026 the Department of Water Resources put south Canyon County under a five-year moratorium on processing new or pending applications for groundwater rights 7. A project there cannot expect a new well right to be processed while the order stands. On May 5, 2026 the department also extended its Boise Front geothermal moratorium by three years 7. The state's other water orders of 2026 are on the Idaho page.

Nampa lists impact fees for police, parks, streets, fire, sewer, water and pressurized irrigation, plus an individual assessment for what it calls extraordinary impacts; the amounts were not found 8. BoiseDev reported on October 3, 2025 that the city calls its utility impact fee the first in the state, and that it had dropped the developer mitigation fees it floated in April 2025 after its city attorney advised against them 921. Local hotel taxes, other moratoria and sewer capacity were not found for either county.

Short-term rentals in both counties fall under the state law that, from July 1, 2026, bars local licences, fees and caps 22; the Idaho page sets out what a city may still require.

Lenders

SBA's Boise District, a Boise development company and the federal study rule.

Ada and Canyon counties are served by SBA's Boise District, which also takes in part of eastern Oregon 23; Idaho's ten northern counties go to the Seattle District instead, as the Idaho page sets out. Capital Matrix of Boise names itself the state's CDC of the year for 2025 24. Idaho's loan totals are on the state page's capital section. The Boise District's own lender report could not be retrieved for the research, and whether a parcel in either county counts as rural for USDA, or sits inside an Opportunity Zone or HUBZone, was not established.

A lender's request for a study rests on 13 CFR 120.160(b): SBA may require professional appraisals, a survey, or a feasibility study 25; the program tests that follow are on our SBA 7(a) and 504 lending page.

Worked Cases

No worked case is placed in Ada or Canyon County.

No published or promised worked case names a site in either county, as the Idaho page records for the state as a whole. The published cases are indexed on our case studies page.

What to Verify

Four checks a Treasure Valley file needs.

  • Which counties Cushman & Wakefield's Boise market takes in, before its apartment or industrial figures are set beside Ada and Canyon permits.
  • Where a Canyon County site's workers live and work: the profile counts out-commuters but not their destination.
  • Nampa's impact fee amounts, from the city's current schedule, since the research names the fees but not their size.
  • Canyon County's Vintage 2025 population, against the current Census table, since the research's link carries a 2021 code.
Treasure Valley Questions

Treasure Valley feasibility study questions.

How many Canyon County residents work outside the county?

The Labor Department's Canyon profile counts 65,317 residents commuting out for work in 2023, and 38,578 workers commuting in 5. It gives no destination for the out-commuters, so this page does not assume they work in Ada County.

Where did Boise office, retail and industrial vacancy stand in mid-2026?

In Cushman & Wakefield's Boise MarketBeats of July 24, 2026: industrial 9.6% in the second quarter, up 80 basis points on the quarter and 180 on the year; retail 4.4%, a level unseen in over two years; office 11.2% 6. There is no separate Canyon County reading; a Nampa or Caldwell building takes the broker's Boise figure.

How long does the south Canyon County groundwater moratorium run?

Five years from March 20, 2026, when the Department of Water Resources stopped handling new groundwater-right applications there and those already pending, and on May 5, 2026 added three years to its Boise Front geothermal moratorium 7. The Idaho page carries the state's other orders of 2026.

Is Nampa's utility impact fee the first of its kind in Idaho?

The city says so. BoiseDev reported on October 3, 2025 that Nampa describes the fee as Idaho's first, and that the mitigation fees on developers it had floated in April 2025 were dropped once its city attorney advised against them 921. Its impact fee schedule covers fire, streets, parks, police, water, sewer and pressurized irrigation, with an individual assessment for projects the city deems to have extraordinary impacts; the list was found, the amounts were not 8.

When is Micron's first Boise fab due to produce chips?

Construction Owners reported on June 1, 2026 that the fab was nearing equipment installation and that first wafers were targeted for mid-2027 10.

Which data centers has Kuna approved or switched on?

Two large ones are in the record. The Spokesman-Review reported on September 21, 2026 that Meta had switched its Kuna center on, and gave its size as 750,000 square feet and its cost as $1.2 billion 18; Construction Equipment Guide, citing the Idaho Statesman on January 7, 2026, had put the same center at peak construction, $800 million by its account and roughly 1 million square feet, and recorded the Kuna City Council's approval of a second, Gemstone, on April 1, 2025; its value was not found 17. Neither account rests on a filing, and they do not agree.

South Canyon County stopped processing new groundwater rights on March 20, 2026, for five years.

A project there shows the water it will use while the order stands: a right it already holds, or a connection to a city or district system.

Request a methodology briefing
Sources

Data sources and dates.

Apartment, industrial, retail and office readings are Cushman & Wakefield's for its Boise market; county counts come from Census QuickFacts tables and the Labor Department's August 2026 county profiles, and the valley-wide population from COMPASS as BoiseDev reported it.

  1. Cushman & Wakefield (secondary, broker), U.S. Multifamily MarketBeat Q4 2025, fourth quarter 2025 (preliminary).
  2. U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division, 2025 Geography Information (Census Data API geoinfo): core based statistical areas, OMB Bulletin 23-01 delineation, geography in effect January 1, 2025.
  3. U.S. Census Bureau, QuickFacts, Ada and multi-county, Vintage 2025 (July 1, 2025; estimates base April 1, 2020); residential permits for calendar 2025.
  4. U.S. Census Bureau, QuickFacts, Canyon, residential permits for calendar 2025.
  5. Idaho Department of Labor, Canyon Profile, August 2026 (commuting for 2023).
  6. Cushman & Wakefield (secondary, broker), Boise MarketBeats, July 24, 2026 (second quarter 2026).
  7. Idaho Department of Water Resources, Moratorium Orders (south Canyon County groundwater moratorium; Boise Front geothermal moratorium), March 20, 2026 news release; extension order of May 5, 2026.
  8. City of Nampa, Development Impact Fees, current city page, as read for the research of October 2026.
  9. BoiseDev, BoiseDev, 3 Oct 2025 (Nampa mitigation fees and utility impact fee), October 3, 2025.
  10. Construction Owners (secondary), Construction Owners, Micron Boise megaproject, June 1, 2026.
  11. U.S. General Services Administration, FY2025 per diem rates for Idaho, fiscal year 2025.
  12. City of Boise, Building Construction Report, Feb 2026, February 2026.
  13. BoiseDev (secondary, citing COMPASS), COMPASS via BoiseDev, 24 Apr 2025 (Ada and Canyon population, 2025), April 24, 2025 (April 2025 estimates).
  14. Idaho Department of Labor, Ada County Labor Force and Economic Profile, August 2026.
  15. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, County Employment and Wages in Idaho, Q1 2025, September 16, 2025 (first quarter 2025).
  16. Micron Technology press release (secondary, TipRanks reprint), Micron press release (TipRanks reprint), October 2023.
  17. Construction Equipment Guide (secondary, citing the Idaho Statesman), Construction Equipment Guide citing Idaho Statesman, Jan 7, 2026 (Meta and Gemstone data centers, Kuna), January 7, 2026.
  18. The Spokesman-Review (secondary), The Spokesman-Review, Sept 21, 2026 (Meta's Kuna data center), September 21, 2026.
  19. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Detailed Tables (Census Data API), 2020 to 2024 five-year estimates; retrieved October 16, 2026.
  20. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Personal Income by County, Metro, and Other Areas (Regional table CAINC1), calendar year 2024; retrieved October 16, 2026.
  21. BoiseDev, BoiseDev, 22 Apr 2025 (Nampa mitigation fees), April 22, 2025.
  22. Idaho Legislature, Idaho Code section 67-6539 (as amended by HB 583), HB 583 signed March 16, 2026; effective July 1, 2026.
  23. U.S. Small Business Administration, Boise District; Seattle District (district pages and county coverage), current district pages, as read for the research of October 2026.
  24. Capital Matrix (self-reported), About Us, 2025.
  25. eCFR, 13 CFR 120.160, Loan conditions, current to October 7, 2026.